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Short URL to this page: http://bit.ly/sakai-lenses |
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Introductory Statements by the Sakai Teaching and Learning Group
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Design Lenses VideosWatch a short video about how the design lenses came to be and where they can take us. Two members of the Sakai Product Council talk about how the design lenses can help shape Sakai OAE: |
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Informing the Design of Sakai OAE
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The logistical and configuration work required to design and manage a teaching and learning environment as means to set the stage for Learning Activities and to match learning spaces to underlying pedagogical models. GroupingProcess of placing users into specific groups or teams, assigning user specific responsibilities within the group, and connecting groups to specific learning activities and assessment. Visual Design & LayoutSet and manage visual layout, organization, navigation and look and feel of the space and subspaces, selection of capabilities or widgets. In some cases this will be done from scratch and in others through the selection of pre-existing templates. Some institutions may opt to limit level of customization available to instructors. Instructional PreparationInitial set up and configuration of tools, including what users can do and the circumstances under which they can do it, and addition of top level course information (e.g. syllabus, contact information, etc.). Also, recording of notes and ideas for future delivery of this or related courses. Portfolio DesignDesign and provide scaffolding for integrated portfolio workflows to include reflection on learning in relation to standards, personal representation of learning and accomplishments, programmatic and institutional assessment of learning outcomes, and aggregation, analysis, and display of assessment data. Portability of StructureAbility to import, export, share, remix, and edit design and layout structures (e.g. page templates) both online and offline. Adherence to open-standards will be important to facilitating this facet. |
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The integrated activities associated with creating, using and reusing, and managing content of any type and in any format by any person or group (i.e. collaborative authoring) throughout the entire environment. FindingActivities associated with searching, identifying, and collecting content. AuthoringActivities associated with creating, embedding, and editing multimedia content. ManagingActivities associated with aggregating, contextualizing, organizing, annotating, tagging (folksonomy) and classifying (taxonomy) of content. PublishingActivities associated with the sharing of content, both internally and externally, with people. AdministeringActivities associated with importing, exporting, archiving, and preserving content. ReusingActivities associated with reusing content for the same function as well as re-purposing content, including remixing multimedia content, to create something entirely new. In this context, authors should have the ability to determine if and how their content is reused. |
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Interactions between and among peers, subject matter experts, and others that contribute to learning, creation, or understanding and a sense of belonging and group identity. CommunicationThe transmission of information to a person or group; often a "a two-way process in which there is an exchange and progression of thoughts, feelings or ideas." (Wikipedia contributors. "Communication." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 2 Jun. 2010. Web. 4 Jun. 2010). Person to person and person to group information sharing and discussions. Collaboration"A recursive process where two or more people or organizations work together toward an intersection of common goals — for example, an intellectual endeavor that is creative in nature — by sharing knowledge, learning and building consensus." (Wikipedia contributors. "Collaboration." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 4 Jun. 2010. Web. 4 Jun. 2010.) CommunityConnecting with other users and groups with common interests, goals, etc. in ways that cultivate a sense of belonging, common ownership and responsibility, and/or group identity. (see draft Manifesto by John Gosney for additional information) |
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The assembly and synthesis of content, guidance, interaction, and assessment tasks into cohesive learning experiences, for individuals or groups of learners, as means to meet specific learning outcomes. Ideally, this work is based on established learning theory and/or design methodology. Application of Learning TheoryAbility to design cohesive learning experiences following established instructional theories, as well as more experimental approaches. The system should be flexible enough to allow institutions, departments, individuals to provide users with specific prompts and processes for adhering to specific theories and approaches. Sequencing & WorkflowSequencing is the intentional arrangement of resources, tasks and activities, guidance and prompts, support and facilitation, as means to meet specific learning outcomes. The workflow defines the relationships and dependencies between and among the elements and participants in the activity. Scaffolding & GuidanceInstructional scaffolding is the provision of sufficient structure and guidance to promote learning of concepts and skills. Guidance is information or advice that helps the learner easily understand what is expected of them while engaged in a task or activity. (Adapted from Wikipedia contributors. "Instructional scaffolding." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 12 May. 2010. Web. 2 Jun. 2010.) Reflection & MetacognitionReflection is an introspective process for observing, recording and synthesizing the insights gained by completing a cohesive learning experience and should be encouraged at any time and place throughout the system. Metacognition, which is often the outcome of reflection, is more generally the awareness and understanding of one's thinking, learning and knowledge and the cognitive processes behind them. Portfolio ProcessesVia workflow or framework, portfolio processes guide users through documenting and reflecting on learning in relation to standards; creating individual or group portfolio presentations from institutional templates with predetermined content; and/or designing their own portfolio presentation from user choice of content, navigation, and style. Learning InteractivesIntegrate the use of highly interactive learning objects or applications (e.g. analysis & visualization; exercises & solutions; simulations, roleplays & games) to enhance understanding and support diverse learning styles. |
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The process of documenting (usually in measurable terms) knowledge, skills, attitudes and beliefs. Assessment/evaluation can focus on the individual learner, the learning community (class, workshop, or other organized group of learners), the institution, or the educational system as a whole. (Adapted from: Wikipedia contributors. "Assessment." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 26 May. 2010. Web. 2 Jun. 2010.) Grading, Rating, FeedbackInformation that helps the learner or group gauge the quality of their work. Feedback can be provided by an instructor, student, mentor, advisor, external evaluator, peer, a software application, etc., can be formative or summative, and can take many forms: grades, score or rating, completed rubric, written comments, editors markup, audio or video comments, model answer, automated response to computer input, etc. (see draft Manifesto by John Norman - http://collab.sakaiproject.org/pipermail/pedagogy/2009-October/000203.html) TrackingThe process of monitoring the activity, status, progress, or performance of an individual or group over time. Documenting LearningThe thoughtful collection of work product that may include formal assessments, completed assignments, collaborative learning work, creative output, portfolios, reflection, and other types of evidence or artifacts. This work may be assessed against rubrics, guidelines, course requirements, national standards, and/or school expectations. ReportingExtraction and integration of information at any level of complexity from any type of recorded assessment data. Assessment processes call for the ability to query assessment data to track student progress individually and in groups through statistical analysis of evaluation data and sampling of representative learning artifacts. |
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Autonomy encourages diverse users to own their virtual identity by ensuring their ability to set preferences, make choices, determine how their data is used, and direct their own learning. DiversityRecognizing the complex needs of users in terms of language, culture, technical expertise, and disability, the environment is flexible enough to meet a broad range of teaching and learning needs. Users can access functionality and data off line in order to work when not connected to the system. PersonalizationUsers can make their own choices about how to use the software. Users can set preferences for access to and use of content and services. Self ManagementUsers own their own data and have the right to determine how it is used in their current and lifelong learning. Users can aggregate and see at a glance data they care about, tasks they must do, and notifications from across the system into one or more centralized locations. |
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A philosophy (with supporting practices, licensing models, and technology standards) that embraces the free use and distribution of creative works, data, information, and software without legal, technological or social restriction. The main principles are: 1. Free and open access to the material (Adapted from "About Us." Open Knowledge Foundation. Open Knowledge Foundation, n.d. Web. 2 Jun 2010.) Open Educational Resources"Educational materials and resources offered freely and openly at no fee for anyone to use and under some licenses to re-mix, improve and redistribute." (Wikipedia contributors. "Open educational resources." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 7 May. 2010. Web. 2 Jun. 2010.) Open LicenseA license that "grants permission to access, re-use and redistribute a work with few or no restrictions"; for example, Creative Commons, Free Art License, GNU Free Documentation License, etc. ("Guide to Open Licensing." Open Defintion. Open Knowledge Foundation, n.d. Web. 2 Jun 2010.) Open Standards"Standards made available to the general public and developed (or approved) and maintained via a collaborative and consensus driven process. 'Open Standards' facilitate interoperability and data exchange among different products or services and are intended for widespread adoption. (Wikipedia contributors. "Open Standard." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 29 May. 2010. Web. 2 Jun. 2010.) InteroperabilityCapability of different systems to exchange data via a common set of exchange formats, to read and write the same file formats, and to use the same protocols. (Adapted from Wikipedia contributors. "Interoperability." Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia. Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia, 26 May. 2010. Web. 2 Jun. 2010.) PermeabilityConsideration for opportunities to share other teaching resources, and make one's own available for sharing, in the immediate context of a single class as well as beyond. |
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